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p53, a critical tumor suppressor, regulates mitochondrial respiration, but how a nuclear protein can orchestrate the function of an organelle encoded by two separate genomes, both of which require p53 for their integrity, remains unclear. Here we report that the mammalian homolog of the yeast mitochondrial disulfide relay protein Mia40 (CHCHD4) is necessary for the […]
Angiogenesis, in which new blood vessels form via endothelial cell (EC) sprouting from existing vessels, is a critical event in embryonic development and multiple disease processes. Many insights have been made into key EC receptors and ligands/growth factors that govern sprouting angiogenesis, but intracellular molecular mechanisms of this process are not well understood. NF-E2–related factor […]
https://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/06/PNAS.png100100Haig Didizianhttps://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/09/vbl_logo_no_icon.pngHaig Didizian2013-01-01 00:00:002017-06-01 17:19:05Nrf2 acts cell-autonomously in endothelium to regulate tip cell formation and vascular branching
Respiratory chain complexes assemble into functional quaternary structures called supercomplexes (RCS) within the folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane, or cristae. Here, we investigate the relationship between respiratory function and mitochondrial ultrastructure and provide evidence that cristae shape determines the assembly and stability of RCS and hence mitochondrial respiratory efficiency. Genetic and apoptotic manipulations of […]
Uterine leiomyomas are extremely common estrogen and progesterone-dependent tumors of the myometrium and cause irregular uterine bleeding, severe anemia, and recurrent pregnancy loss in 15–30% of reproductive-age women. Each leiomyoma is thought to arise from a single mutated myometrial smooth muscle stem cell. Leiomyoma side-population (LMSP) cells comprising 1% of all tumor cells and displaying […]
Cognitive deficits are central to schizophrenia, but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. Imaging studies performed in patients point to decreased activity in the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and reduced functional connectivity between the MD and prefrontal cortex (PFC) as candidate mechanisms. However, a causal link is still missing. We used a pharmacogenetic approach in mice […]
Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-family genes encode histone lysine methyltransferases that play important roles in epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. MLL genes are frequently mutated in human cancers. Unlike MLL1, MLL2 (also known as ALR/MLL4) and its homolog MLL3 are not well-understood. Specifically, little is known regarding the extent of global MLL2 involvement in the […]
https://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/06/PNAS.png100100Haig Didizianhttps://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/09/vbl_logo_no_icon.pngHaig Didizian2012-01-01 00:00:002017-06-01 17:24:51Global identification of MLL2-targeted loci reveals MLL2¿s role in diverse signaling pathways
To determine unambiguously if suppression of glucagon action will eliminate manifestations of diabetes, we expressed glucagon receptors in livers of glucagon receptor-null (GcgR-/-) mice before and after ß-cell destruction by high-dose streptozotocin. Wild type (WT) mice developed fatal diabetic ketoacidosis after streptozotocin, whereas GcgR-/- mice with similar ß-cell destruction remained clinically normal without hyperglycemia, impaired […]
https://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/06/PNAS.png100100Haig Didizianhttps://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/09/vbl_logo_no_icon.pngHaig Didizian2012-01-01 00:00:002017-06-01 17:25:02Metabolic manifestations of insulin deficiency do not occur without glucagon action
Although malignant astrocytomas are a leading cause of cancer-related death in children, rational therapeutic strategies are lacking. We previously identified activating mutations of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) (BRAFT1799A encoding BRAFV600E) in association with homozygous cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A, encoding p14ARF and p16Ink4a) deletions in pediatric infiltrative astrocytomas. Here we report […]
https://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/06/PNAS.png100100Haig Didizianhttps://vblwp.azureedge.net/wordpress/2017/09/vbl_logo_no_icon.pngHaig Didizian2012-01-01 00:00:002017-06-01 17:20:50Cooperative interactions of BRAFV600E kinase and CDKN2A locus deficiency in pediatric malignant astrocytoma as a basis for rational therapy
Mitochondrial disulfide relay mediates translocation of p53 and partitions its subcellular activity
p53, a critical tumor suppressor, regulates mitochondrial respiration, but how a nuclear protein can orchestrate the function of an organelle encoded by two separate genomes, both of which require p53 for their integrity, remains unclear. Here we report that the mammalian homolog of the yeast mitochondrial disulfide relay protein Mia40 (CHCHD4) is necessary for the […]
Nrf2 acts cell-autonomously in endothelium to regulate tip cell formation and vascular branching
Angiogenesis, in which new blood vessels form via endothelial cell (EC) sprouting from existing vessels, is a critical event in embryonic development and multiple disease processes. Many insights have been made into key EC receptors and ligands/growth factors that govern sprouting angiogenesis, but intracellular molecular mechanisms of this process are not well understood. NF-E2–related factor […]
Mitochondrial Cristae Shape Determines Respiratory Chain Supercomplexes Assembly and Respiratory Efficiency
Respiratory chain complexes assemble into functional quaternary structures called supercomplexes (RCS) within the folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane, or cristae. Here, we investigate the relationship between respiratory function and mitochondrial ultrastructure and provide evidence that cristae shape determines the assembly and stability of RCS and hence mitochondrial respiratory efficiency. Genetic and apoptotic manipulations of […]
Paracrine activation of WNT/ß-catenin pathway in uterine leiomyoma stem cells promotes tumor growth
Uterine leiomyomas are extremely common estrogen and progesterone-dependent tumors of the myometrium and cause irregular uterine bleeding, severe anemia, and recurrent pregnancy loss in 15–30% of reproductive-age women. Each leiomyoma is thought to arise from a single mutated myometrial smooth muscle stem cell. Leiomyoma side-population (LMSP) cells comprising 1% of all tumor cells and displaying […]
Inhibition of Mediodorsal Thalamus Disrupts Thalamofrontal Connectivity and Cognition
Cognitive deficits are central to schizophrenia, but the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear. Imaging studies performed in patients point to decreased activity in the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) and reduced functional connectivity between the MD and prefrontal cortex (PFC) as candidate mechanisms. However, a causal link is still missing. We used a pharmacogenetic approach in mice […]
Global identification of MLL2-targeted loci reveals MLL2¿s role in diverse signaling pathways
Myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-family genes encode histone lysine methyltransferases that play important roles in epigenetic regulation of gene transcription. MLL genes are frequently mutated in human cancers. Unlike MLL1, MLL2 (also known as ALR/MLL4) and its homolog MLL3 are not well-understood. Specifically, little is known regarding the extent of global MLL2 involvement in the […]
Metabolic manifestations of insulin deficiency do not occur without glucagon action
To determine unambiguously if suppression of glucagon action will eliminate manifestations of diabetes, we expressed glucagon receptors in livers of glucagon receptor-null (GcgR-/-) mice before and after ß-cell destruction by high-dose streptozotocin. Wild type (WT) mice developed fatal diabetic ketoacidosis after streptozotocin, whereas GcgR-/- mice with similar ß-cell destruction remained clinically normal without hyperglycemia, impaired […]
Cooperative interactions of BRAFV600E kinase and CDKN2A locus deficiency in pediatric malignant astrocytoma as a basis for rational therapy
Although malignant astrocytomas are a leading cause of cancer-related death in children, rational therapeutic strategies are lacking. We previously identified activating mutations of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) (BRAFT1799A encoding BRAFV600E) in association with homozygous cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A, encoding p14ARF and p16Ink4a) deletions in pediatric infiltrative astrocytomas. Here we report […]