Loss of PGC-1a in RPE induces mesenchymal transition and promotes retinal degeneration

MAB Rosales, etc
Life Science Alliance, 2019


The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) supports visual processing and photoreceptor homeostasis via energetically demanding cellular functions. Here, we describe the consequences of repressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ¿ coactivator-1 a (PGC-1a), a master regulator of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, on RPE epithelial integrity. The sustained silencing of PGC-1a in differentiating human RPE cells affected mitochondria/autophagy function, redox state, and impaired energy sensor activity ultimately inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Adult conditional knockout of PGC-1 coactivators in mice resulted in rapid RPE dysfunction and transdifferentiation associated with severe photoreceptor degeneration. RPE anomalies were characteristic of autophagic defect and mesenchymal transition comparable with the ones observed in age-related macular degeneration. These findings demonstrate that PGC-1a is required to maintain the functional and phenotypic status of RPE by supporting the cells’ oxidative metabolism and autophagy-mediated repression of EMT.

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Journal
Life Science Alliance
Year
2019
Page
doi: 10.26508/lsa.201800212 v
Institute
Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear